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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforConductingaTerrestrialSoil-CoreMicrocosmTest
【原文标准名称】:进行陆地土壤芯样缩影测试的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME1197-1987(2004)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1987
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.02
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:土壤;试验;污染控制;陆地的
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:Thisguideprovidesatestprocedureforevaluatingthepotentialecologicalimpactsandenvironmentaltransportofachemicalinanagricultural(tilled,low-till,orno-till)ornaturalfieldsoilecosystemthatmaybereleasedorspilledintotheenvironment.Thesuggestedtestproceduresaredesignedtosupplysite-specificinformationforachemicalwithouthavingtoperformfieldtesting.(SeeEPA560/6-82-002andEPA560/6-82-003.)Thisguideisnotspecificallydesignedtoaddressfateofchemicalsinsoilsofforestedecosystems.However,withsomemodifications,itmaybeadaptedforthatpurposebytheindividualinvestigator.Specifically,thisguideisusedtodeterminetheeffectofachemicalon(1)growthandreproductionofeithernaturalgrasslandvegetationorcrops,and(2)nutrientuptakeandcyclingwithinthesoil/plantsystem.Additionally,thesoil-coremicrocosmwillprovideinformationon(1)potentialforbioaccumulation(enrichment)ofthechemicalintoplanttissues,and(2)thepotentialforandrateoftransportofthechemicalthroughsoiltogroundwater.Theresultsofthistestshouldbeusedinconjunctionwithinformationonthechemicalandbiologicalactivityofthetestsubstancetoassesstherelativeenvironmentalhazardandthepotentialforenvironmentalmovementoncereleased.Thetestmethodsdescribedinthisguidearedesignedspecificallyforliquidorsolidmaterials.Significantmodificationsoftheexposuresystemwouldbenecessarytoaccommodatechemicalsthatarevolatileorthatmaybereleasedinagaseousoraerosolizedform.FormethodsthatcouldbeadaptedforusewithvolatileorgaseoustestsubstancesseeRefs(3,4,5,6).Resultsofamulti-yearsoil-coremicrocosmtesthavebeencorrelatedwithdataderivedfromaseriesofmulti-yearfieldplottestsforalimitednumberofmaterials.InformationonthecorrelationbetweenmicrocosmandfieldresultscanbefoundinRefs(7,8,9,10).1.1Thisguidedefinestherequirementsandproceduresforusingsoil-coremicrocosmstotesttheenvironmentalfate,ecologicaleffects,andenvironmentaltransportofchemicalsthatmayenterterrestrialecosystems.Theapproachandthematerialssuggestedforuseinthemicrocosmtestarealsodescribed.1.2Thisguidedetailsaproceduredesignedtosupplysite-specificorpossiblyregionalinformationontheprobablechemicalfateandecologicaleffectsinasoilsystemresultingfromthereleaseorspillageofchemicalsintotheenvironmentineitherliquidorsolidform.1.3Experiencehasshownthatmicrocosmsaremosthelpfulintheassessmentprocessafterpreliminaryknowledgeaboutthechemicalpropertiesandbiologicalactivityhavebeenobtained.Datageneratedfromthetestcanthenbeusedtocomparethepotentialterrestrialenvironmentalhazardsofachemical.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyproblems,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:P13
【国际标准分类号】:13_080_10
【页数】:13P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Electricalaccessories-Residualcurrentmonitorsforhouseholdandsimilaruses(RCMs)
【原文标准名称】:电气附件家用和类似用途剩余电流监测器(RCM)
【标准号】:IEC62020-1998
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:1998-08
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际电工委员会(IX-IEC)
【起草单位】:IEC/SC23E
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:断路器;家用残余电流探测器;自动断路器;开关;家用;电力设备;电气工程;残余电流操作防护
【英文主题词】:Acquisition;Circuit-breakers;Classificationsystems;Comparison;Controlinstruments;Currentratings;Definitions;Design;Differentialcurrents;Electricalengineering;Electricalinstallations;Houseinstallations;Householduse;Inscription;Measuringinstruments;Operation;Properties;Ratedvoltages;RCD;Residualcurrent-operatedprotectivesystem;Self-actingcircuit-breakers;Specification(approval);Switches;Testing;Testingconditions;Types
【摘要】:ThisInternationalStandardappliestoresidualcurrentmonitorshavingratedvoltagesnotexceeding440Va.c.andratedcurrentsnotexceeding125Aforhouseholdandsimilarpurposes.Thesedevicesareintendedtomonitortheresidualcurrentoftheinstallationandtogiveawarningiftheresidualcurrentbetweenalivepartandanexposedconductivepartorearthexceedsapredeterminedlevel.RCMscoveredbythisstandardarenotintendedtobeusedasprotectivedevices.RCMsdetectresidualalternatingcurrentsandresidualpulsatingdirectcurrentswhethersuddenlyappliedorslowlyrising(see8.16).Thisstandardappliestomonitorsperforming.simultaneouslythefunctionsofdetectionoftheresidualcurrent,ofcomparisonofthevalueofthiscurrentwiththeresidualoperatingcurrentofthedeviceandofprovidingtheprescribedwarningsignal(s)whentheresidualcurrentexceedsthisvalue.RCMshavinginternalbatteriesarenotcoveredbythisstandard.Therequirementsofthisstandardapplyfornormalenvironmentalconditions(see7.1).AdditionalrequirementsmaybenecessaryforRCMsusedinlocationshavingsevereenvironmentalconditions.ThisstandarddoesnotcoverInsulationMonitoringDevices(IMDs)whicharecoveredbythescopeofIEC61557-8.NOTEAnRCMisdistinguishedfromanIMDinthatitispassiveinitsmonitoringfunctionandonlyrespondstoanunbalancedfaultcurrentintheinstallationbeingmonitored.AnIMDisactiveinitsmonitoringandmeasuringfunctionsinthatitcanmeasurethebalancedandunbalancedinsulationresistanceorimpedanceintheinstallation(seeIEC61557-8).
【中国标准分类号】:Y60
【国际标准分类号】:29_120_50
【页数】:173P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语